`!pwd` --- The password database
pwd
This module provides access to the Unix user account and password database. It is available on all Unix versions.
Unix, not WASI, not iOS.
Password database entries are reported as a tuple-like object, whose attributes correspond to the members of the passwd structure (Attribute field below, see <pwd.h>):
| Index | Attribute | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | pw_name |
Login name |
| 1 | pw_passwd |
Optional encrypted password |
| 2 | pw_uid |
Numerical user ID |
| 3 | pw_gid |
Numerical group ID |
| 4 | pw_gecos |
User name or comment field |
| 5 | pw_dir |
User home directory |
| 6 | pw_shell |
User command interpreter |
The uid and gid items are integers, all others are strings. KeyError is raised if the entry asked for cannot be found.
[!NOTE] In traditional Unix the field
pw_passwdusually contains a password encrypted with a DES derived algorithm. However most modern unices use a so-called shadow password system. On those unices the pw_passwd field only contains an asterisk ('*') or the letter'x'where the encrypted password is stored in a file/etc/shadowwhich is not world readable. Whether the pw_passwd field contains anything useful is system-dependent.
It defines the following items:
getpwuid(uid)
Return the password database entry for the given numeric user ID.
getpwnam(name)
Return the password database entry for the given user name.
getpwall()
Return a list of all available password database entries, in arbitrary order.
Module grp
An interface to the group database, similar to this.
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