How to periodically synchronize data in the background

Periodic background sync lets you show fresh content when a progressive web app or service worker-backed page is launched. It does this by downloading data in the background when the app or page is not being used.

Using the Periodic Background Sync API

After the service worker is installed, use the Permissions API to query for periodic-background-sync. You can do this from either a window or a service worker context.

const status = await navigator.permissions.query({
  name: 'periodic-background-sync',
});
if (status.state === 'granted') {
  // Periodic background sync can be used.
} else {
  // Periodic background sync cannot be used.
}

Registering a periodic sync requires both a tag and a minimum synchronization interval (minInterval). The tag identifies the registered sync so that multiple syncs can be registered. In the example below, the tag name is 'content-sync' and the minInterval is one day.

navigator.serviceWorker.ready.then(async registration => {
  try {
	await registration.periodicSync.register('get-cats', { minInterval: 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 });
    console.log(Periodic background sync registered.');
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(err.name, err.message);
  }
});

Call periodicSync.getTags() to retrieve an array of registration tags. The example below uses tag names to confirm that cache updating is active to avoid updating again.

const registration = await navigator.serviceWorker.ready;
if ('periodicSync' in registration) {
  const tags = await registration.periodicSync.getTags();
  // Only update content if sync isn't set up.
  if (!tags.includes('content-sync')) {
    updateContentOnPageLoad();
  }
} else {
  // If periodic background sync isn't supported, always update.
  updateContentOnPageLoad();
}

To respond to a periodic background sync event add a periodicsync event handler to your service worker. The event object passed to it will contain a tag parameter matching the value used during registration. For example, if a periodic background sync was registered with the name 'content-sync', then event.tag will be 'content-sync'.

self.addEventListener('periodicsync', (event) => {
  if (event.tag === 'content-sync') {
    event.waitUntil(syncContent());
  }
});

Browser compatibility

The classic way

Rather than updating data in the background so it's ready when the user loads the app, the classic way simply consists of updating the data on load.

Further reading

• Richer offline experiences with the Periodic Background Sync API
• Web Periodic Background Synchronization API

Demo